![]() ![]() The temperature under standard test conditions (STC) is defined as the operating temperature of the PV module, but only in the PV cell layer. An increase in temperature of the PV module by 1 ☌ results in a 0.45% drop in the output power or a 0.22% drop in efficiency of the PV module. The operating temperature of the PV module mainly affects the electrical parameters of the PV cell, such as saturation current, photon current, shunt and series resistance, diode ideality factor, short-circuit current, open-circuit voltage and consequently, the output power of the PV module. ![]() Nevertheless, it is extremely important to assess the performance of the PV system in partial shading conditions. Electricity production of PV systems depends on parameters, such as solar radiation, operating temperature of the PV module and air mass factor.
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